Abstract
It is a possible to say, with certain doubt, that in the next decades, the structure of the educational system will be more right-angled, that in the next 20 years, the pressure to enter the system will diminish in elementary education and will increase in university level. The present time is a construction built by data and arguments, it is also susceptible to the interpretation of the past and it is possible to assume this connection as radically uncertain and weak, besides provisional and easy to review. This is all about making legitimate the ambiguity that in every look over present time, it will be intended to fit expectations and skepticism. For a concise reconstruction of the educational system, managed by government, known through indexes elaborated by specialists, the system delimitates education as something regulated by government: conforming basic conditions on both social and cultural equality. The educational system rises along with modern government; it was required that education would became relevant to life (public life) and to work. Knowledge has been the main resource and challenge of educational system. Refering to the system metaphors: individual formation, national unit, work market; the three of then coexist and compete in an unbalanced way. Educators believed they could find argument and access to the new world by forming individual. Freire and Piaget put all that as the mayor interest of the educational of moral subjects, that is why school is orientated towards the learning of contents related with culture, geography, history and not so much towards learning mechanisms and schemes necessary for democratic relations. Market has took over educational system, education is no longer conceived as the most important instrument against despotism but as a factor to economic development. The metaphor or market has gained terrain in the social imaginary. For many people, market has became a moral reference, understanding a good life as the access and distribution of goods; however, the educational system never solved the problem of being a citizen and professional formation system at the same time this, has caused a deep crisis. The 3 metaphores coexist and compete, the question is whether any of them will prevail or if it is possible a combination of them. Since the 90’s, the system is submitted to a new dogma, whose referent is the market, economic integrations and technological development. Its is a predicted a new world where knowledge will be the most important productive and social value; that way it is possible that knowledge will be the most important productive and social value; that way it is possible that knowledge society provide a new environment and rebuild the social legitimity of the educational system. Citizen formation walks through 3 paths: the moral, the reason and the legal. These should be the coordenates of a reflexive system of democracy learning. Such a system should take Piaget and Kohlberg´s structures referring to knowledge and moral conscience development.
